LOCUS       NM_010784                784 bp    mRNA    linear   ROD 29-JUL-2025
DEFINITION  Mus musculus midkine (Mdk), transcript variant 1, mRNA.
ACCESSION   NM_010784
VERSION     NM_010784.6
KEYWORDS    RefSeq.
SOURCE      Mus musculus (house mouse)
  ORGANISM  Mus musculus
            Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
            Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha;
            Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus.
REFERENCE   1  (bases 1 to 784)
  AUTHORS   Guo,J., Zheng,J., Li,R., Yao,J., Zhang,H., Wang,X. and Zhang,C.
  TITLE     Single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals abnormal angiogenesis
            and placentation by loss of imprinted glutaminyl-peptide
            cyclotransferase
  JOURNAL   J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 26 (6), 589-608 (2025)
   PUBMED   40571662
REFERENCE   2  (bases 1 to 784)
  AUTHORS   Zhu,Z., Zou,Q., Wang,C., Li,D., Yang,Y., Xiao,Y., Jin,Y., Yan,J.,
            Luo,L., Sun,Y. and Liang,X.
  TITLE     Isl Identifies the Extraembryonic Mesodermal/Allantois Progenitors
            and is Required for Placenta Morphogenesis and Vasculature
            Formation
  JOURNAL   Adv Sci (Weinh) 11 (32), e2400238 (2024)
   PUBMED   38923264
REFERENCE   3  (bases 1 to 784)
  AUTHORS   Xu,C., Chen,J., Liang,L., Chen,S., Niu,X., Sang,R., Yang,C. and
            Rong,R.
  TITLE     Midkine promotes renal fibrosis by stabilizing C/EBPbeta to
            facilitate endothelial-mesenchymal transition
  JOURNAL   Commun Biol 7 (1), 544 (2024)
   PUBMED   38714800
  REMARK    Publication Status: Online-Only
REFERENCE   4  (bases 1 to 784)
  AUTHORS   Inoh,K., Muramatsu,H., Ochiai,K., Torii,S. and Muramatsu,T.
  TITLE     Midkine, a heparin-binding cytokine, plays key roles in
            intraperitoneal adhesions
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 317 (1), 108-113 (2004)
   PUBMED   15047154
REFERENCE   5  (bases 1 to 784)
  AUTHORS   Naito,A., Yoshikura,H. and Iwamoto,A.
  TITLE     Similarity of the genomic structure between the two members in a
            new family of heparin-binding factors
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 183 (2), 701-707 (1992)
   PUBMED   1550576
REFERENCE   6  (bases 1 to 784)
  AUTHORS   Haas,I.G., Simon-Chazottes,D. and Guenet,J.L.
  TITLE     The gene coding for the immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein
            BiP (Hsce-70) maps to mouse chromosome 2
  JOURNAL   Mamm Genome 3 (11), 659-660 (1992)
   PUBMED   1450517
REFERENCE   7  (bases 1 to 784)
  AUTHORS   Simon-Chazottes,D., Matsubara,S., Miyauchi,T., Muramatsu,T. and
            Guenet,J.L.
  TITLE     Chromosomal localization of two cell surface-associated molecules
            of potential importance in development: midkine (Mdk) and basigin
            (Bsg)
  JOURNAL   Mamm Genome 2 (4), 269-271 (1992)
   PUBMED   1347477
REFERENCE   8  (bases 1 to 784)
  AUTHORS   Tomomura,M., Kadomatsu,K., Matsubara,S. and Muramatsu,T.
  TITLE     A retinoic acid-responsive gene, MK, found in the teratocarcinoma
            system. Heterogeneity of the transcript and the nature of the
            translation product
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 265 (18), 10765-10770 (1990)
   PUBMED   2355021
REFERENCE   9  (bases 1 to 784)
  AUTHORS   Matsubara,S., Tomomura,M., Kadomatsu,K. and Muramatsu,T.
  TITLE     Structure of a retinoic acid-responsive gene, MK, which is
            transiently activated during the differentiation of embryonal
            carcinoma cells and the mid-gestation period of mouse embryogenesis
  JOURNAL   J Biol Chem 265 (16), 9441-9443 (1990)
   PUBMED   2345177
REFERENCE   10 (bases 1 to 784)
  AUTHORS   Kadomatsu,K., Tomomura,M. and Muramatsu,T.
  TITLE     cDNA cloning and sequencing of a new gene intensely expressed in
            early differentiation stages of embryonal carcinoma cells and in
            mid-gestation period of mouse embryogenesis
  JOURNAL   Biochem Biophys Res Commun 151 (3), 1312-1318 (1988)
   PUBMED   3355557
COMMENT     VALIDATED REFSEQ: This record has undergone validation or
            preliminary review. The reference sequence was derived from
            AL731772.9.
            
            On Oct 27, 2022 this sequence version replaced NM_010784.5.
            
            Summary: This gene encodes a secreted growth factor that belongs to
            the pleiotrophin/midkine heparin-binding protein family and
            functions in a variety of biological processes. The encoded
            cytokine promotes the growth, differentiation, survival and
            migration of several target cells including leucocytes involved in
            inflammation. This protein plays a role in the formation of scar
            tissue and intraperitoneal adhesions, and promotes neurite
            outgrowth and neuron survival. The protein encoded by this gene is
            associated with obesity and inhibition of insulin signaling in fat
            cells. A pseudogene of this gene is present on chromosome 11.
            Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
            [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014].
            
            Publication Note:  This RefSeq record includes a subset of the
            publications that are available for this gene. Please see the Gene
            record to access additional publications.
            
            ##Evidence-Data-START##
            Transcript exon combination :: M34328.1, BC012244.1 [ECO:0000332]
            RNAseq introns              :: single sample supports all introns
                                           SAMN00849381, SAMN01164137
                                           [ECO:0000348]
            ##Evidence-Data-END##
            COMPLETENESS: full length.
PRIMARY     REFSEQ_SPAN         PRIMARY_IDENTIFIER PRIMARY_SPAN        COMP
            1-74                AL731772.9         69541-69614         c
            75-151              AL731772.9         68983-69059         c
            152-310             AL731772.9         68707-68865         c
            311-472             AL731772.9         68429-68590         c
            473-784             AL731772.9         67415-67726         c
FEATURES             Location/Qualifiers
     source          1..784
                     /organism="Mus musculus"
                     /mol_type="mRNA"
                     /strain="C57BL/6"
                     /db_xref="taxon:10090"
                     /chromosome="2"
                     /map="2 50.63 cM"
     gene            1..784
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /note="midkine"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:17242"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:96949"
     exon            1..74
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            75..151
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     CDS             76..498
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /note="isoform a precursor is encoded by transcript
                     variant 1; retinoic acid-induced differentiation factor;
                     retinoic acid-responsive protein; retanoic acid-responsive
                     protein"
                     /codon_start=1
                     /product="midkine isoform a precursor"
                     /protein_id="NP_034914.1"
                     /db_xref="CCDS:CCDS16440.1"
                     /db_xref="GeneID:17242"
                     /db_xref="MGI:MGI:96949"
                     /translation="

MQHRGFFLLALLALLVVTSAVAKKKEKVKKGSECSEWTWGPCTPSSKDCGMGFREGTCGAQTQRVHCKVPCNWKKEFGADCKYKFESWGACDGSTGTKARQGTLKKARYNAQCQETIRVTKPCTSKTKSKTKAKKGKGKD"

     sig_peptide     76..141
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /inference="COORDINATES: ab initio prediction:SignalP:6.0"
     mat_peptide     142..495
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /product="Midkine. /id=PRO_0000024663"
                     /note="propagated from UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (P12025.2)"
     misc_feature    175..414
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /note="Pleiotrophin / midkine family; Region: PTN;
                     smart00193"
                     /db_xref="CDD:128490"
     misc_feature    373..375
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /note="Required for high affinity binding to PTRZ1 by
                     interacting with the chondroitin sulfate chains of PTRZ1.
                     /evidence=ECO:0000269|PubMed:10212223; propagated from
                     UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (P12025.2); other site"
     exon            152..310
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            311..472
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     exon            473..784
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /inference="alignment:Splign:2.1.0"
     regulatory      737..742
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     regulatory      742..747
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      759
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
     regulatory      761..766
                     /regulatory_class="polyA_signal_sequence"
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /note="hexamer: AATAAA"
     polyA_site      762
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
                     /note="major polyA site"
     polyA_site      784
                     /gene="Mdk"
                     /gene_synonym="Mek; MK"
ORIGIN      

ctgctacgaggggacctgagccagaagcgcactggtaaaaccgaactccaggaccagagacccagagatcagaggatgcagcaccgaggcttcttccttctcgcccttcttgccctcttggtggtcacgtccgcggtggccaaaaaaaaagagaaggtgaagaagggcagcgagtgttcggagtggacctgggggccctgcacccccagcagcaaggactgcggcatgggcttccgcgagggtacctgtggggcccagacccagcgcgtccattgcaaggtgccctgcaactggaagaaggaatttggagccgactgcaaatacaagtttgagagctggggggcgtgtgatgggagcactggcaccaaagcccgccaagggaccctgaagaaggcgcggtacaatgcccagtgccaggagaccatccgcgtgactaagccctgcacctccaagaccaagtcaaagaccaaagccaagaaaggaaaaggaaaggactaagtcaggaggccagagagcctccggcctcgcctggagcctgaacggagccctcctctcccacaggcccaagatataacccaccagtgccttttgtcttcctgtcagctctgtcaatcacgcctgtcctctcacgcccacaccaagtgcccaaagtggggagggacaagagattctggaaagtgagcctccccataccctcttttgttctccccaccctgatacttgttattaagaaatgaataaaataaactcacttttttccaataaaagcttcttttttaatata

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